We have just released the initial version of the Reference Tools 5G Data Collection Application Function and Data Collection Service Provider library. This is a minimum viable product release and as such only supports a subset of features for Data Collection Reporting and Event Exposure, as specified in TS 26.532 and TS 29.517. Supported features are: Provisioning Sessions API (interface at reference R1). Event data access filtering/aggregation on time axis only, geographic and user/group based access is not implemented as yet. Data Reporting Sessions API (interfaces at references R2, R3 & R4). Data reporting for COMMUNICATION reports. Event Subscription API (interfaces at references R5 & R6). Event Reporting for UE_COMM events. Information about the project can be found at: https://5g-mag.github.io/Getting-Started/pages/ue-data-collection-reporting-exposure/ The repository can be found at: https://github.com/5G-MAG/rt-data-collection-application-function This release can be found at: https://github.com/5G-MAG/rt-data-collection-application-function/releases/tag/rt-data-collection-application-function-1.0.0 Thank you to the contributors David Waring  ( BBC ), Dev Audsin  ( BBC ), Richard Bradbury  ( BBC ).

Join us at MPEG#149 in Geneva with 5G-MAG Reference Tools Demos. More information soon. EVENT: MPEG 149 Meeting DATE: 22nd January 2025 LOCATION: Geneva (Switzerland) INFORMATION ABOUT THE EVENT AND REGISTRATION: https://www.mpeg.org/meetings/mpeg-149/

Join us at 3GPP SA4#131 in Geneva with 5G-MAG Reference Tools Demos. More information soon. EVENT:  3GPP SA4#131 Meeting DATE:  17th to 21st February 2025 LOCATION:  Geneva (Switzerland) INFORMATION ABOUT THE EVENT AND REGISTRATION: https://portal.3gpp.org/Home.aspx#/meeting?MtgId=60663

See you at MWC Barcelona! Visit us at Hall 5 Stand 5C30. More information soon. EVENT: MWC Barcelona 2025 DATE: 3-6 March 2025 LOCATION: Fira, Barcelona, Spain INFORMATION ABOUT THE EVENT: https://www.mwcbarcelona.com/ 5G-MAG MEDIA ACTION GROUP at MWC: https://www.mwcbarcelona.com/exhibitors/31463-5g-mag-media-action-group

5G-MAG is hosting internal workshops in preparation for 6G and Media-related topics. More information available at our WG Use Cases & Requirements. EVENT: 5G-MAG Workshops on 6G Media DATE: First drop (21 January 2025), Second drop (28th January 2025) LOCATION: ONLINE INFORMATION ABOUT THE WORKSHOPS: https://member.5g-mag.com/wg/UC/mail/thread/2599

A perfect way to end the week: The  5G-MAG  Reference Tools community is inviting you to a special session on Friday November 8th at 13:00 CET. We have scheduled four exciting presentations around the topics of 5G and Media: UE data collection, reporting and event exposure including mapping to 5G Media Streaming by  Richard Bradbury  ( BBC ),  David Waring  ( BBC ) and  Dev Audsin  ( BBC ) Related projects: https://5g-mag.github.io/Getting-Started/pages/ue-data-collection-reporting-exposure/ Related projects: https://5g-mag.github.io/Getting-Started/pages/5g-media-streaming/ Download slides: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HW3Afgb2729K-sqJi3Ymx6zPFoRn1omw/view?usp=drive_link 5G Broadcast: The Nakolos Core by  Johann Mika  ( ORS Group (Austrian Broadcasting Services) ,  Gokul Sani  ( ORS Group (Austrian Broadcasting Services) ) and  Stefan Babel  ( ORS Group (Austrian Broadcasting Services) ) Related projects: https://5g-mag.github.io/Getting-Started/pages/lte-based-5g-broadcast/ Download slides: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Qkj-eDc-KWHLgkUQxb9QQ1uI-Zm54Kfi/view?usp=drive_link 5G Multicast Broadcast Services: Implementation of an MVP in the 5G-MAG Reference Tools by  Borja Iñesta Hernández  ( Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) ),  Jaime Sánchez Roldán  ( Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) ) Related projects: https://5g-mag.github.io/Getting-Started/pages/5g-multicast-broadcast-services/ Download slides: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RSL8b79Oq36wU8_sVQvFvTETpuZ5n4Mf/view?usp=drive_link FLUTE support in GPAC for Multicast ABR Streaming by  Sohaib Larbi ,  Romain Bouqueau  (Motionspell) and  Nils Duval Related projects: https://5g-mag.github.io/Getting-Started/pages/multimedia-content-delivery/ Download slides: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HbM7GeTarxF3R9a3leQu2prv6Y955yYy/view?usp=drive_link Use this link to join the sess ion:   https://us06web.zoom.us/j/86380468460?pwd=UnlGOVE5a3RUSnNCcFRGK0RmQlRHdz09 o r Download the calendar of public calls here:  https://www.5g-mag.com/community#calendar EVENT: 5G-MAG REFERENCE TOOLS Special Session DATE: November 8 at 13:00 CET LOCATION: ONLINE

Download the 5G-MAG Report (PDF): https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p8HTruX3va0pOOpyzgkIn_AnfqmBCRy4/view?usp=sharing ABOUT THE REPORT This is a report produced by the 5G-MAG Workgroup CP (Content Production - Standards and Architecture). Current version of the report: v.1.0 Date of publication: 11th November 2024 ABSTRACT The 5G-MAG report "Towards a comprehensive 5G-based toolbox for live media production" identified a series of high-level scenarios where 3GPP features can be used for uplink enhancements and traffic management. This report covers the following aspects: Identification of systems and features enabling enhancements for uplink media delivery and traffic management in the content of media production and contribution applications. Description of architectures, reference points and relevant procedures in the context of uplink media delivery using 3GPP technology. Feasibility analysis of the status of the technology and its potential applicability based on 3GPP Release 17 and Release 18 specifications. Identification of possible gaps in existing specifications to support their application for uplink media delivery. REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK 5G-MAG welcomes feedback from the community to this document. If you have comments on the report, please submit them using our GitHub repository for "Request for Feedback" https://5g-mag.github.io/Requests-for-Feedback/ 5G-MAG members may take further actions on this document according to the comments received.

Download (PDF) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QYk-kZBjzDoAG2YtuhDLL_E1E8oz-lK9/view?usp=drive_link ABOUT THE REPORT This is a report produced by the 5G-MAG Workgroup EaR (Ecosystem and Regulation). Current version of the report: v.1.0 Date of publication: 12th July 2023 ABSTRACT This report focuses on the spectrum access models and frequency bands suitable for the deployment of Non-Public Networks (NPN) for live media production scenarios, including those captured in the 5G-MAG Report " Towards a comprehensive 5G-based toolbox for live media production ". This report provides: a description of spectrum access models in different frequency bands that would enable deploying NPNs. Examples of different approaches to spectrum access by administrations are also given; information on the bands defined in the 5G standards where NPNs may potentially be deployed; discussion on relevant spectrum access requirements for the deployment of NPNs for media production applications. REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK 5G-MAG welcomes feedback from the community to this document. If you have comments on the report, please submit them using our GitHub repository for "Request for Feedback" https://github.com/5G-MAG/Requests-for-Feedback 5G-MAG members may take further actions on this document according to the comments received.

Download (PDF) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OJkHzjXeI9SrlXE98D7kxdD7b_m6dxXS/view?usp=share_link 3GPP Release 17 brings Multicast–Broadcast Services (MBS) to the 5G System, based on 5G Core and New Radio. MBS allows the network to select the most suitable among point-to-multipoint (PTM) or point-to-point (PTP) delivery based on requirements set by either service providers or network operators and/or taking into account concurrent user demand. Multicast Services A Multicast Service uses PTM and/or PTP delivery methods to transport traffic from a single source to User Equipment (UE) terminals within a multicast service area that have subscribed to the service. Multicast traffic is efficiently and reliably transported over the 5G core network to compatible base stations using the shared traffic delivery method. The individual traffic delivery method can serve multicast traffic to legacy base stations that do not support MBS. MBS-enabled base stations autonomously decide whether to use PTM or PTP delivery methods at the radio access network based on the number of concurrent subscriptions and the quality of the radio channel. Broadcast Services A Broadcast Service uses only the PTM delivery method to transport traffic from a single source to multiple UEs within a broadcast service area. Any UE within the broadcast service area that has registered with the network can receive Broadcast Services. A single copy of the MBS traffic is efficiently transported over the 5G core network to each MBS-compatible base station in the service area using the shared traffic delivery method. What kinds of service could be offered with 5G MBS? MBS supports the delivery of both operator and third-party media content. In particular, MBS User Services allow popular online television and radio services (e.g. live sport or national events) to be delivered efficiently to compatible equipment such as smartphones, smart TVs or car infotainment systems. Broadcast is suitable for localized services at the granularity of individual cells (e.g. services in venues, stadiums, exhibition centres). Multicast allows the efficient and scalable delivery of popular services while ensuring a similar quality of service (QoS) and reliability to that of unicast distribution. Quality of experience is independent of audience size and network congestion is mitigated. Multicast allows a group of UEs to receive services according to QoS requirements and/or prevailing channel conditions. Additional characteristics To minimize implementation impact and complexity, MBS reuses the existing (3GPP Release 15/16) radio-layer design for physical channels, reference signals, and sub-carrier spacings and cyclic prefixes. How is the coverage area of a service determined? For both Multicast and Broadcast Services, individual cells may be added to or removed from the service area. The Multicast Service is transmitted only in cells within the multicast service area in which there are UEs that have joined an MBS session. Cells within the broadcast service area transmit the Broadcast Service regardless of whether the service is requested or not. For multicast, link adaptation selects the most appropriate modulation and coding scheme (MCS). Beamforming is optimized for the UEs in the multicast group. For broadcast, each service is pre-assigned an MCS, as there is no channel-state information feedback from UEs. Single frequency network (SFN) operation is possible across sectors of the same base station for multicast. For broadcast, SFNs can be implemented across base stations that are sufficiently close to each other, transparent to UEs. How is reliability of reception managed? For multicast, provision of UE feedback, support of retransmissions using PTP or PTM, link adaptation, and beamforming, among other mechanisms, ensure reliability. For broadcast, services are delivered with no guarantee of reception, however data repetition (slot-level) is possible for improved performance. How are mobility and service continuity managed? For multicast, service continuity across cells is supported by handover between the base stations a UE traverses. For broadcast, neighbour-cell information and cell-reselection mechanisms are available but may not ensure lossless handover. Can MBS services be transmitted together with other types of traffic on the 5G network? Mixed radio carriers can deliver multicast and/or broadcast services alongside other unicast data on the same cell. Learn more... A paper from Qualcomm and a blog post from Ericsson provide more details about MBS. For a detailed list of 3GPP specifications please refer to: 5g-mag.com/standards

Download (PDF) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ojh86tt6O9vIP3Ac2DdQfaJ78-_hXdia/view ABOUT THE REPORT This is a report produced by the 5G-MAG Workgroup CP (Content Production - Standards and Architecture). Current version of the report: v.1.0 Date of publication: 5th December 2022 ABSTRACT This report focuses on the use of 5G technologies in media production and contribution workflows. With reference to three live production deployment scenarios of evolving complexity, it provides: a brief description of the current state of the art for equipment and technologies; an overview of the features that 5G would ideally support for each scenario; and an initial inventory of potential solutions available in the 5G specifications currently under development. The annexes provide further background information and definitions of key terms, along with additional details on the parameter ranges for media-related data streams that the 5G network would transport. REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK 5G-MAG welcomes feedback from the community to this document. If you have comments on the report, please submit them using our GitHub repository for "Request for Feedback" https://github.com/5G-MAG/Requests-for-Feedback 5G-MAG members may take further actions on this document according to the comments received.

Download (PDF) https://drive.google.com/file/d/14RRfAEpudQgn7DOkipQLbuNGr_s3pkJ1/view While Non-Public Networks (NPNs) can be self-operated in isolation (see our SNPN Explainer ), they can also be operated in collaboration with third-party networks. The different configuration options and degrees of integration can accommodate a variety of technical, commercial and regulatory models. What are the deployment options? Different elements of the overall 5G system can be deployed in collaboration with third-party networks, including public networks. Two of the most relevant options are sharing network infrastructure and integrating an NPN within a public network, the latter defined in the 3GPP Release 16 specifications. Network sharing Here the NPN is deployed using a combination of infrastructure owned by an NPN operator and part of the infrastructure of a third-party network, either public or private. Options may include sharing masts, sites and/or the RAN (radio access network). This allows multiple NPN operators to share the resources of a single network according to service level agreements. In particular, network sharing models may enable a ‘neutral host’ role, where media companies could access infrastructure on an ad-hoc basis (e.g., in stadiums and venues for given events). This scenario is based on features specified for stand-alone NPNs, whereby each NPN is uniquely identified by a code consisting of an ITU-defined network operator identifier, intended for private use, and a regionally allocated network identifier. This allows equipment (e.g., cameras, microphones, etc.) to be connected to the network without the need for an eSIM or SIM card. Instead, the equipment is configured with credentials specific to the NPN in question. Public Network Integrated NPN (PNI-NPN) In this case, a public mobile network provides the network services and functionalities required to operate an NPN. This can be done either using a dedicated Data Network Name (DNN) or via one or more network slice instances allocated for the NPN. In this setup, devices need to have an eSIM or SIM card and a subscription with a mobile network operator to access the PNI-NPN. In addition, 3GPP defines mechanisms to authorize specific equipment and users. PNI-NPN models offer flexibility to deploy, configure and customize the 5G system for private use, leveraging the capabilities of the public network such as its coverage area, backhauling capacity, provisioning of edge cloud resources, etc. Successful deployment depends on the ability of the public network to meet the requirements for media applications. This involves guaranteeing adequate quality of service (QoS) or enabling the isolation and security of the production equipment and media data and control flows in the network, among others. The commercial agreements between the stakeholders involved are also key. Applications for the media industry On-site production and venues with 5G connectivity Media producers may leverage 5G connectivity from third-party networks where available, in particular at venues or for outdoor events. A key feature for such deployments would be the ability to effectively isolate media flows from other traffic in the network. This may be challenging to achieve at the radio layer as simultaneous demand of radio resources is expected during live events, generated from both public and private data traffic. Special events coverage and breaking news reporting Coverage of special events may be handled with professional equipment connected directly to the public 5G network. The application of PNI-NPN functionalities such as the setup of local area networks or the prioritization of traffic by means of network slicing may provide additional advantages. For newsgathering, media organizations are increasingly relying on mobile networks for live contribution with professional cameras equipped with 5G uplink streaming modems. PNI-NPN functionalities may allow the 5G network to fulfill certain QoS requirements, therefore evolving beyond the current “best-effort” cellular bonding. User-generated content and live production with audience involvement When interconnecting a public network with a non-public one, different possibilities for audience engagement or augmented experiences at venues may be possible, while guaranteeing that devices on the public network and the NPN are authenticated independently in their respective networks. 5G-MAG and Non-Public Networks for Media Production 5G-MAG members are studying different ways of using 5G for media production and contribution scenarios. By ensuring the standards are capable of being configured according to differing needs, media organizations are provided with a wide range of possibilities from which to choose depending on the commercial, business and regulatory context. Useful Links 3GPP TR 22.827 v17.1.0 “Study on Audio-Visual Service Production“ 3GPP TS 23.501 v16.7.0 “System architecture for the 5G System (5GS)” GMSA report on “Mobile Infrastructure Sharing”

Download (PDF) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QN1My95E8r8A0sbl83kynElwIpo8_9g0/view LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast is a broadcast system defined by 3GPP that can be deployed in unpaired downlink-only spectrum (i.e. without the need for an uplink), with dedicated broadcast carriers. Current broadcast allocations in the UHF band may therefore be suitable for the deployment of LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast services. What spectrum is required to deploy LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast? Conventional mobile networks require both a downlink and an uplink. The uplink can use either a different frequency (with a frequency division duplex allocation, Fig. 1a) or the same frequency but at a different time (with a time division duplex allocation). In contrast, LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast is a downlink-only system. It is therefore similar to any existing broadcast standard (Fig. 1b). LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast has the following main features, which enable operation without uplink: Dedicated broadcast carriers: up to 100% of each radio frame may be configured to carry broadcast services and related signalling. No user data nor any other information related to unicast is transmitted. Receive-only mode: user equipment requires neither connectivity nor registration to any network. All the necessary signalling and contextual information is self-contained in the downlink carrier. LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast could be deployed in any mobile downlink band including SDL (supplemental downlink) bands, for example the L-band (1452–1492 MHz). The UHF broadcast bands, from around 470 MHz to 694/698 MHz, depending on the geographical region, may be suitable for LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast as well. However, the channel bandwidth allocations in that portion of the spectrum (6, 7 or 8 MHz depending on the region) do not comply with those currently specified in the 3GPP specifications, i.e., 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz. Using the same bandwidths as other broadcasting systems would maximize compatibility and facilitate the introduction of LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast. As a consequence, new work items (in Rel-17 and Rel-18) have been approved in 3GPP to enable the operation of LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast in UHF broadcast spectrum, potentially alongside existing digital terrestrial television (DTT) systems. To this end, bandwidths of 6, 7 and 8 MHz will be defined. Spectrum options for LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast The Radiocommunication Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) is responsible for setting out how radio spectrum is used throughout the world. The regulations are updated by World Radiocommunication Conferences (WRCs) every three to five years. The regulations are legally binding on ITU member states. The sub-700 MHz band (470–694 MHz) is allocated to broadcast services in Region 1 (Europe, Africa and the Middle East). In some countries of Region 2 and in Region 3 the band, or part of the band, is allocated to both broadcast and mobile services, with usage differing between countries. Furthermore, Region 1 uses 8 MHz channel bandwidths for broadcast services, whereas Regions 2 and 3 use a range of different bandwidths (6/7/8 MHz). For instance, the USA uses 6 MHz, while China and India use 8 MHz. ITU Region 1 In Europe, Africa and the Middle East, the use of the UHF band for broadcast services is governed by the Geneva 2006 agreement (GE06), which sets out the rights each country has to deploy a number of DTT services (called layers) in a country. These rights also grant that each service is protected from interference from neighbouring countries. The European Commission made a Decision in 2017 ((EU) 2017/899) to allow the sub-700 MHz band to continue to be made available for broadcast use until at least 2030. Assuming appropriate features are developed for LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast to operate in the portion of UHF spectrum allocated to broadcast systems (e.g., with 8 MHz channels) and that the GE06 out-of-band emissions limits can be respected, the deployment options for LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast services within ITU Region 1 would be as follows: Reuse existing DTT GE06 assignments/allotments – LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast could be used in any existing GE06 assignment/allotment or equivalent, subject to conformity with the GE06 rules. New assignments/allotments in addition to existing DTT GE06 assignments/allotments – new assignments/allotments for LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast could be created alongside existing DTT assignments/allotments under the GE06 framework and new inter-country frequency coordination agreements. Given that the band is already occupied by existing GE06 plan entries, any new assignment/allotments may be of limited utility, especially near international borders ITU Regions 2 and 3 In the rest of the world, there is no equivalent to the GE06 agreement. Each country must negotiate with its neighbours to assign spectrum for broadcasting use, and these negotiations will generally be conducted according to bilaterally-agreed rules and conventions. These negotiations can often be complex, especially in countries whose neighbours use different channel rasters and/or bandwidths. The availability of a wider choice of bandwidths can bring flexibility when it comes to the introduction of new systems. In the United States (Region 2), ATSC 3.0 is the approved voluntary DTT standard being deployed to eventually replace ATSC 1.0. However, regulatory flexibility may permit non-ATSC 3.0 waveforms such as LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast to share the DTT spectrum to provide ancillary and supplementary downlink services (e.g., so-called “Broadcast Internet”). In Brazil (Region 2), LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast is a candidate for the physical layer for the next generation “TV 3.0 Project”. In India (Region 3), the public broadcaster has exclusive use of the allocated DTT spectrum and is evaluating options for its future digital standard for direct-to-mobile broadcast and offload from unicast. This may present an opportunity to use LTE-based 5G Terrestrial Broadcast. Useful Links ETSI TS 103 720 V1.1.1 (2020-12), 5G Broadcast System for linear TV and radio services; LTE-based 5G terrestrial broadcast system World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 (WRC-15), Geneva, Switzerland, November 2015 Regional Radiocommunications Conference (RRC-06), Geneva, Switzerland May/June 2006